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MPFL Reconstruction: Restoring Stability to the KneeThe MPFL (Medial Patellofemoral Ligament) is a key ligament that stabilizes the kneecap (patella) and prevents it from dislocating outward. When this ligament is damaged, often from trauma or repeated dislocations, it can lead to chronic knee instability. MPFL reconstruction is a surgical procedure designed to restore stability and reduce the risk of recurrent patellar dislocations.

Why is MPFL Reconstruction Needed?

• Recurrent Patellar Dislocations: Frequent kneecap dislocations can damage the MPFL.
• Persistent Knee Instability: The patella feels loose or shifts during movement.
• Pain and Dysfunction: Chronic dislocations cause pain, swelling, and difficulty walking.
• Failed Conservative Treatments: Physical therapy and bracing have not adequately stabilized the knee.

How is MPFL Reconstruction Performed?

1. Graft Harvesting: Typically, a tendon graft (often from the patient’s hamstring or an allograft) is prepared.
2. Positioning the Graft: The graft is anchored at the medial border of the patella and secured to the femur at Shottle’s point.
3. Fixation: The graft is fixed with sutures or small screws to ensure proper tension and alignment.
4. Testing Stability: The knee is flexed and extended to verify patellar tracking and ligament tension.

Benefits of MPFL Reconstruction

• Restored Knee Stability: Reduces the risk of recurrent dislocations.
• Improved Function: Patients regain confidence in their knee’s stability.
• Reduced Pain: Minimizes symptoms related to patellar instability.
• Return to Activities: Allows for a gradual return to sports and active lifestyles.

Recovery After MPFL Reconstruction

• Initial Phase: Brace and crutches are used to protect the repair for the first 4-6 weeks.
• Rehabilitation: Physical therapy begins early to restore range of motion and strengthen muscles.
• Return to Sports: Most patients can return to sports within 6-9 months, depending on progress.
• Long-Term Outcomes: High success rate with significantly reduced recurrence of dislocations.

Is MPFL Reconstruction Right for You?MPFL reconstruction is most suitable for individuals with:

• Recurrent kneecap dislocations despite conservative treatments.
• Structural abnormalities contributing to instability.
• High activity levels that increase the risk of dislocation.