Introduction

Biceps Tendon Tear at the Elbow (Distal Biceps Rupture)A distal biceps tendon tear occurs when the tendon that attaches the biceps muscle to the radius bone near the elbow is torn. This injury often leads to weakness when bending the elbow or turning the palm upward (supination). Most distal biceps tendon tears result from a sudden, forceful load on a bent elbow, such as lifting something heavy or catching a falling object. It is more common in men over 40 and may be linked to tendon degeneration over time.
SymptomsPatients often feel a "pop" at the front of the elbow, followed by pain, swelling, bruising, and visible deformity. Weakness in elbow flexion and forearm rotation is common, and the biceps may appear to have moved upward toward the shoulder ("Popeye" muscle).

Non-surgical treatment

Non-surgical treatment may be reasonable for low-demand individuals, but it typically results in some permanent strength loss—especially in supination. Bracing and physical therapy may still provide functional improvement.

Surgical Treatment

The biceps is repaired using an anchor and an endobutton to allow for it to heal in place.

Surgical repair is the gold standard for active individuals who want to restore full strength and function. The procedure involves reattaching the tendon to the bone, usually through a small incision near the elbow. With proper rehab, most patients regain near-complete strength. Surgery is time-sensitive—ideally performed within 1–2 weeks to avoid tendon retraction and scarring.